William Wright FRS FRSE FRCPE FLS FSA Scot MWS (1735–1819) was a Scottish physician and botanist.
Born in March 1735 in Crieff, Perthshire, he studied at Crieff Grammar School and the University of Edinburgh, and obtained a medical degree at St. Andrews (MD 1763). He served as an apprentice with G Dennistoun in Falkirk (1752-6),[1] and became a navy surgeon in 1760.
In 1764 Wright became Dr Gray's assistant in Jamaica. He stayed on the island until 1777.
William Wright became a Fellow of the Royal Society in 1778 . He was a member in numerous societies, among them the Linnean Society of London of which he became associate member in 1807; the Wernerian Natural History Society in 1808, of which he was a founding member; the London Royal School of Medicine, over which he presided in 1801.
He enrolled in the British Navy in 1779 and was captured by the French.
He returned to Jamaica in 1782 and the following year became Physician in Chief of the colony. He returned to Edinburgh in 1785. He joined an expedition led by Sir Ralph Abercromby (1734–1801) exploring the Caribbean from 1796 to 1798.
Wright published numerous articles in medicine. His Jamaican collections became an important contribution to natural history. Notably, he described more than 750 plant species.
The genus Wrightia (Apocynaceae) and Wrightea (syn. Wallichia, Arecaceae) were dedicated to him. Wrightia was by Robert Brown (1773–1858) and Wrightea by William Roxburgh (1759–1815). Several hundred plant species [2] were named for him.